For each preferential arrangement the first column gives the country or group of countries, legal framework and OJ publication references and the second column indicates the protocol number or regulation containing the rules of origin and furthermore indicates the type of cumulation of origin applicable.
This page is currently being reviewed for the update.
For the additional information on trade agreements in force please see the page EU Trade agreements (europa.eu).
In order to qualify for preferential treatment, your product will need to satisfy the rules of origin under the agreement. Please check the interactive “Rules of Origin Self Assessment tool (ROSA)” in My Trade Assistant to assess whether your product fulfils the rules of origin and find out how to prepare the correct documents.
Contracting Parties to the PEM Convention
EFTA countries, the Faroe Islands and EEA
| Preferential arrangement | Rules of origin/cumulation |
|---|---|
| Switzerland - Industrial products (01.01.1973) Free Trade Agreement, OJ L 300, 31.12.1972, p.189 - Agricultural products (01.06.2002) Agreement on trade in agricultural products, OJ L 114, 30.4.2002, p.132. | Protocol 3 (PEM Convention) OJ L 23, 29.1.2016, p. 79–81 Bilateral and diagonal cumulation |
| Iceland (01.04.1973) Free Trade Agreement, OJ L 301, 31.12.1972, p.2. | Protocol 3 (PEM Convention) OJL 72 17.3.2016, p. 66-68 Bilateral and diagonal cumulation |
| Norway (01.07.1973) Free Trade Agreement, OJ L 171, 27.06.1973, p.2.) | Protocol 3 (PEM Convention) OJ L 72 17.3.2016, p. 63-65 Bilateral and diagonal cumulation |
| Faroe Islands / Denmark (01.01.1997) Agreement, OJ L53, 22.02.1997, p.2 | Protocol 3 (PEM Convention) OJ L 134, 30.5.2015, p.29 Bilateral and diagonal cumulation |
| European Economic Area (EC-IS-NO-LI) Association Agreement, OJ L 1, 03.01.1994, p.3 | Protocol 4 (aligned to the PEM Convention) OJ L 129, 19.5.2016, p. 56–84 Bilateral, diagonal and full cumulation |
Mediterranean Countries
| Preferential arrangement | Rules of origin/cumulation |
|---|---|
| Turkey Industrial products - Customs union (01.01.1996) Decision No 1/2006 of the EC-Turkey Customs Cooperation Committee OJ L 265 of 26.09.2006 | Bilateral and diagonal cumulation (OJ L 265 of 26.9.2006 p.18, as last amended by OJ L 267 of 27.9.2006 p.48) |
- Coal and steel products (01.01.1997) - Agricultural products (01.01.1998) | Protocol 1 OJ L43, 06.06.2009 Bilateral and diagonal cumulation Protocol 3 (Decision No 3/2006 of the EC-Turkey Association Council, of 19 December 2006, amending Protocol 3 to Decision No1/98 of the EC-Turkey Association Council of 25 February 1998 on the trade regime for agricultural products) Bilateral and diagonal cumulation |
| Algeria (01.09.2005) Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreement, OJ L 265, 10.10.2005 | Protocol 6 OJ L 297 of 15.11.2007 Bilateral, diagonal and full cumulation |
| Tunisia (01.03.1998) Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreement , OJ L 97, 30.03.1998, p.2. | Protocol 4 OJ L 260 of 21.9.2006 Bilateral, diagonal and full cumulation |
Morocco (01.03.2000) Customs implications of ECJ judgement in case C-104/16P (Western Sahara) Agreement on the amendment of Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement with Morocco OJ L 34 of 6.2.2019 (and accompanying press release) Council Decision on the Agreement on the amendment of Protocols 1 and 4 to the Euro-Mediterranean Agreement with Morocco OJ L 34 of 6.2.2019 2018 Report on the benefits for the people of Western Sahara and public consultation on extending tariff preferences to products from Western Sahara 2020 Report on the benefits for the people of Western Sahara on extending tariff preferences to products from Western Sahara 2021 Report on the benefits for the people of Western Sahara on extending tariff preferences to products from Western Sahara 2022 Report on the benefits for the people of Western Sahara on extending tariff preferences to products from Western Sahara | Protocol 4 OJ L 336 of 21.12.2005 as last amended by Decision N° 1/2011 OJ L 141/66 of 27.5.2011 Bilateral,diagonal and full cumulation |
| Israel (01.06.2000) Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreement , OJ L 147, 21.06.2000, p.3 Revised notice to importers of goods from Israel (Technical Arrangement) | Protocol 4 OJ L 20 of 24.1.2006 Bilateral and diagonal cumulation |
| Palestinian Authority of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip (01.07.1997) Euro-Mediterranean Interim Association Agreement , OJ L 187, 16.07.1997, p.3. | Protocol 3 (PEM Convention) OJ L 05 of 30.7.2016 p. 24–26 Bilateral and diagonal cumulation |
| Egypt (01.06.2004) Mediterranean Association Agreement, OJ L304 of 30.09.2004, p.39 | Protocol 4 (PEM Convention) OJ L 334 of 22/12/2015 Bilateral and diagonal cumulation |
| Jordan (01.05.2002) Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreement, OJ L 129, 15.05.2002, p.3. | Protocol 3 OJ L 209 of 31.7.2006 Bilateral and diagonal cumulation |
| Lebanon (01.03.2003) Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreement, OJ L 143, 30.05.2006, p.2. | Protocol 4 OJ L 143 of 30.05.2006, p. 73 Bilateral cumulation |
| Syria (01.07.1977) Cooperation Agreement, OJ L 269, 27.09.1978, p.2. | Protocol 2 OJ L 269 of 27.09.1978 Bilateral cumulation |
Western Balkan countries
| Preferential arrangement | Rules of origin/cumulation |
|---|---|
| North Macedonia (01.06.2001) Stabilisation and Association Agreement, OJ L 84, 20.3.2004, p. 13.), as last amended by the 2007 Accession Protocol, OJ L 99, 10.4.2008, p. 2 | Protocol 4 (PEM Convention) OJ L 293, 28.10.2016, p. 58- 64 Bilateral and diagonal cumulation |
| Albania (01.04.2009) Stabilisation and Association Agreement , OJ L 107, 28.4.2009, p. 166.; as last amended by the 2007 Accession Protocol, OJ L 107, 28.04.2009, p. 2 | Protocol 4 (PEM Convention) OJ L 129, 27.5.2015, p.50. Bilateral and diagonal cumulation |
| Bosnia - Herzegovina (01.07.2008) Interim Agreement on trade and trade-related matters, OJ L 169, 30.6.2008 , p. 13.; as last amended by OJ L 233, 30.8.2008, p. 6 | Protocol 2 (PEM Convention) OJ L 22, 27.1.2017, p. 82 - 85 Bilateral and diagonal cumulation |
| Montenegro (01.01.2008) Stabilisation and Association Agreement, OJ L 108, 29.04.2010, p. 3 | Protocol 3 (PEM Convention) OJ L 28, 4.2.2015, p.45 Bilateral and diagonal cumulation |
| Serbia (08.12.2009) Stabilisation and Association Agreement, OJ L 278, 18.10.2013, p. 16 | Protocol 3 (PEM Convention) OJ L 367, 23.12.2014, p. 119 Bilateral and diagonal cumulation |
| Kosovo* (01.04.2016) Stabilisation and Association Agreement, OJ L 71, 16.03.2016, p.3 | Protocol III (PEM Convention) OJ L 71, 16.03.2016, p.310 Bilateral and diagonal cumulation |
Eastern Partnership countries
| Preferential arrangement | Rules of origin/cumulation |
|---|---|
| the Republic of Moldova (1.9.2014) Association Agreement, OJ L 260, 30.8.2014, p. 4 | Protocol II (PEM Convention) OJ L 39, 16.2.2017, p. 45 - 48 Bilateral and diagonal cumulation |
| Georgia (1.9.2014) Association Agreement, OJ L 261, 30.8.2014, p. 4 | Protocol I (PEM Convention) OJ L 140, 6.6.2018, p. 107-109 Bilateral and diagonal cumulation |
| Ukraine (1.1.2016) Association Agreement, OJ L 161, 29.5.2014, p. 3 | Protocol I (PEM Convention) OJ L 20, 23.1.2019, p. 40–42 Bilateral and diagonal cumulation |
Other countries and territories
| Preferential arrangement | Rules of origin/cumulation |
|---|---|
| Andorra (agricultural products outside the scope of the customs union) Agreement , OJ L 374, 31.12.1990, p.14. | OJ L 344, 30.12.2015, p. 15–52 |
| Africa , the Caribbean and the Pacific (ACP) (01.04.2003) Until 31/12/2007: Partnership Agreement between ACP, EC and Member States, signed in Cotonou on 23 June 2000, OJ L 317, 15.12.2000, p.3., OJ L 65, 08.03.2003; OJ L 83, 01.04.2003; provisional application from 01.03.2000. From 1 January 2008: New arrangements apply. See the ACP page. Council Regulation No. 1528/2007 (OJ L 348 of 31.12.2007) | Until 31/12/2007: Protocol 1 to Annex V "EC-ACP-OCT" bilateral and full cumulation (b) From 1 January 2008: See the ACP page |
| Mexico (01.07.2000) ( Decision 2/2000 of the EC-Mexico Joint Council: provisional application of the Partnership Agreement, OJ L 157, 30.06.2000, p.10. and OJ L 245, 29.09.2000, p.1.) | Annex III to the Decision Bilateral cumulation |
| Chile (01.03.2005) Association Agreement (OJ L 352, 30.12.2002, p.3.), as amended by the 2004 Accession Protocol (OJ L 38, 10.2.2005, p. 3) | Annex III to the Agreement Bilateral cumulation |
Andean Community Peru (01.03.2013) Colombia (01.08.2013) Ecuador (01.01.2017) Trade Agreement (OJ L 356, 24.12.2016, p.3.), provisional application: Notice (OJ L 358, 29.12.2016, p. 1) | Annex II to the Agreement Bilateral and regional cumulation |
Central America Provisional application for Costa Rica and El Salvador (01.10.2013). Notice (OJ L 257, 28.9.2013, p. 1) Provisional application for Guatemala (01.12.2013). Notice (OJ L 315, 26.11.2013, p. 1) | Annex II to the Agreement Bilateral and regional cumulation |
Republic of Korea (provisional application: 01.07.2011) | OJ L127 of 14.5.2011, p. 1344 Bilateral cumulation |
| Ceuta and Melilla Protocol No 2 to the Act of Accession of Spain, OJ L 302, 15.11.1985 | Council Regulation (EC) No. 82/2001 of 5 December 2000 OJ L 20, 20.01.2001, p.1. Bilateral cumulation with the EC and diagonal or full cumulation, as appropriate, with partner countries of the EC (e) |
Canada Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) between Canada and the European Union Provisional application (21.09.2017). | Protocol on rules of origin and origin procedures (OJ, L 11, 14.01.2017, p. 465-566) |
Japan Agreement between the European Union and Japan for an Economic Partnership (JO, L 330, 27.12.2018) Entry into force on 1 February 2019. | Chapter 3 Rules of Origin and Origin Procedures (OJ, L 330, 27.12.2018, p. 21-34) Further information, including Guidance documents can be found here |
Singapore Free Trade Agreement between the European Union and the Republic of Singapore (OJ, L 294, 14.11.2019) Entry into force on 21 November 2019. | Protocol 1 concerning the definition of the concept of ‘originating products’ and methods of administrative co-operation and its annexes (OJ, L 294, 14.11.2019, p. 659-749) |
United Kingdom Trade and Cooperation Agreement between the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community, of the one part, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, of the other part (OJ L 149, 30.4.2021) Entry into force on 1 January 2021 | Part Two, Heading One – Trade, Title I – Trade in goods, Chapter 2 – Rules of origin (OJ, L 149, 30.4.2021, p. 60-96) Annexes (OJ, L 149, 30.4.2021, p. 1015-1117) |
Vietnam Free Trade Agreement between the European Union and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (OJ L 186, 12.6.2020) Entry into force on 1 August 2020 | Protocol 1 concerning the definition of the concept of ‘originating products’ and methods of administrative co-operation and its annexes (OJ L 186, 12.6.2020, p. 1319-1389) |
New Zealand Free Trade Agreement between the European Union and New Zealand (OJ L, 2024/866, 25.3.2024) Entry into force on 1 May 2024 | Chapter 3 – Rules of origin and origin procedures (OJ L, 2024/866, 25.3.2024, p. 51 to 86) Annexes: (OJ L, 2024/866, 25.3.2024p. 543 to 652) |
Autonomous preferential arrangements
| Preferential arrangement | Rules of origin/cumulation |
|---|---|
| Overseas countries and territories (01.01.2021) (f) (Council Decision (EU) 2021/1764 of 5 October 2021, OJ L 355, 7.10.2021, p.6. | Annex II to the Decision "EC-OCT-EPA" bilateral and full cumulation, cumulation with GSP countries, extended cumulation |
Generalised System of Preferences Until 31/12/2013: Council Regulation (EC) No. 732/2008 of 22 July 2008, OJ L 211, 6.8.2008, p. 1 | Article 41 to Article 58 Article 70 to Article 79 |
Other documents2020 Report on the benefits for the people of Western Sahara on extending tariff preferences to products from Western Sahara 2021 Report on the benefits for the people of Western Sahara on extending tariff preferences to products from Western Sahara |
* This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSCR 1244/1999 and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence
Notes:
a. References to the 'PEM Convention' in the 2nd column mean that the protocol on rules of origin refers to the PEM Convention.
To find out between which Contracting Parties to the PEM Convention diagonal cumulation can be applied, please check the latest version of the 'matrix'.
b. Cumulation of origin with South Africa is also provided for by this Agreement but has not yet entered into force
c. Cumulation of origin with the ACP States is also provided for by this Agreement but has not yet entered into force.
d. Bilateral GSP cumulation applies between the EU and the beneficiary country, diagonal cumulation applies between the EU, Norway and Switzerland and the beneficiary country and regional cumulation applies between the beneficiary country belonging to one of the three GSP regional cumulation groups (Group I (Brunei-Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam), Group II (Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Venezuela), and Group III (Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka)). These types of cumulation may be combined for a single operation.
e. These different types of cumulation apply under Regulation No 82/2001, in trade between the EU and Ceuta and Melilla, but under the rules of origin of the preferential arrangements established by the EU with third countries they also apply to trade with those third countries and Ceuta and Melilla (for the list of countries with which the various types of cumulation are allowed, see OJ C 108, 4.5.2002, p.3).
f. A number of OCTs (New Caledonia; French Polynesia; Saint Pierre et Miquelon) have communicated their tariffs in accordance with Article 45 of the Overseas Association Decision (OAD) and informed the Commission that they reciprocate in granting preferential treatment to EU exports of goods under the same requirements as provided for in the OAD, including the making out of proofs of origin statements on origin) in this case applying mutatis mutandis. For more details, please check the page on Union preferential tariff treatment for products originating in OCT and the table on trade preferences granted by the OCTs to products originating in the Union.